【django】メールアドレスを使った認証のモデル作成方法

$ python manage.py startapp accounts

│  manage.py

├─accounts

├─config
├─static
└─templates

from django.db import models
from django.core.mail import send_mail
from django.contrib.auth.models import PermissionsMixin
from django.contrib.auth.base_user import AbstractBaseUser
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
from django.utils import timezone
from django.contrib.auth.base_user import BaseUserManager
  
  
class UserManager(BaseUserManager):

  
    use_in_migrations = True
  
    def _create_user(self, email, password, **extra_fields):

        if not email:
            raise ValueError('The given email must be set')
        email = self.normalize_email(email)
  
        user = self.model(email=email, **extra_fields)
        user.set_password(password)
        user.save(using=self._db)
        return user
  
    def create_user(self, email, password=None, **extra_fields):
        extra_fields.setdefault('is_staff', False)
        extra_fields.setdefault('is_superuser', False)
        return self._create_user(email, password, **extra_fields)
  
    def create_superuser(self, email, password, **extra_fields):
        extra_fields.setdefault('is_staff', True)
        extra_fields.setdefault('is_superuser', True)
  
        if extra_fields.get('is_staff') is not True:
            raise ValueError('Superuser must have is_staff=True.')
        if extra_fields.get('is_superuser') is not True:
            raise ValueError('Superuser must have is_superuser=True.')
  
        return self._create_user(email, password, **extra_fields)
  
  
class User(AbstractBaseUser, PermissionsMixin):

  
    email = models.EmailField(_('email address'), unique=True)
    first_name = models.CharField(_('first name'), max_length=30, blank=True)
    last_name = models.CharField(_('last name'), max_length=150, blank=True)
  
    is_staff = models.BooleanField(
        _('staff status'),
        default=False,
        help_text=_(
            'Designates whether the user can log into this admin site.'),
    )
    is_active = models.BooleanField(
        _('active'),
        default=True,
        help_text=_(
            'Designates whether this user should be treated as active. '
            'Unselect this instead of deleting accounts.'
        ),
    )
    date_joined = models.DateTimeField(_('date joined'), default=timezone.now)
  
    objects = UserManager()
  
    EMAIL_FIELD = 'email'
    USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
    REQUIRED_FIELDS = []
  
    class Meta:
        verbose_name = _('user')
        verbose_name_plural = _('users')
  
    def get_full_name(self):
        """Return the first_name plus the last_name, with a space in
        between."""
        full_name = '%s %s' % (self.first_name, self.last_name)
        return full_name.strip()
  
    def get_short_name(self):
        """Return the short name for the user."""
        return self.first_name
  
    def email_user(self, subject, message, from_email=None, **kwargs):
        """Send an email to this user."""
        send_mail(subject, message, from_email, [self.email], **kwargs)

# UserManager

def create_user(self, email, password=None, **extra_fields):
        extra_fields.setdefault('is_staff', False)
        extra_fields.setdefault('is_superuser', False)
        return self._create_user(email, password, **extra_fields)

from django.contrib import admin
from django.contrib.auth.admin import UserAdmin
from django.contrib.auth.forms import UserChangeForm, UserCreationForm
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
from .models import User
  
  
class MyUserChangeForm(UserChangeForm):
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = '__all__'
  
  
class MyUserCreationForm(UserCreationForm):
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ('email',)
  
  
class MyUserAdmin(UserAdmin):
    fieldsets = (
        (None, {'fields': ('email', 'password')}),
        (_('Personal info'), {'fields': ('first_name', 'last_name')}),
        (_('Permissions'), {'fields': ('is_active', 'is_staff', 'is_superuser',
                                       'groups', 'user_permissions')}),
        (_('Important dates'), {'fields': ('last_login', 'date_joined')}),
    )
    add_fieldsets = (
        (None, {
            'classes': ('wide',),
            'fields': ('email', 'password1', 'password2'),
        }),
    )
    form = MyUserChangeForm
    add_form = MyUserCreationForm
    list_display = ('email', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'is_staff')
    list_filter = ('is_staff', 'is_superuser', 'is_active', 'groups')
    search_fields = ('email', 'first_name', 'last_name')
    ordering = ('email',)
  
  
admin.site.register(User, MyUserAdmin)

# settings.py

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'accounts' //追記
]

AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'accounts.User' //追記

$ python manage.py makemigrations
Migrations for 'accounts':
  accounts\migrations\0001_initial.py
    - Create model User

$ python manage.py migrate
Operations to perform:
  Apply all migrations: accounts, admin, auth, contenttypes, sessions
Running migrations:
  Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK
  Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK
  Applying auth.0001_initial... OK
  Applying auth.0002_alter_permission_name_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0003_alter_user_email_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0004_alter_user_username_opts... OK
  Applying auth.0005_alter_user_last_login_null... OK
  Applying auth.0006_require_contenttypes_0002... OK
  Applying auth.0007_alter_validators_add_error_messages... OK
  Applying auth.0008_alter_user_username_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0009_alter_user_last_name_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0010_alter_group_name_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0011_update_proxy_permissions... OK
  Applying auth.0012_alter_user_first_name_max_length... OK
  Applying accounts.0001_initial... OK
  Applying admin.0001_initial... OK
  Applying admin.0002_logentry_remove_auto_add... OK
  Applying admin.0003_logentry_add_action_flag_choices... OK
  Applying sessions.0001_initial... OK

$ python manage.py createsuperuser
メールアドレス: test@test.co.jp
Password:
Password (again):
Superuser created successfully.

$ python manage.py runserver
Watching for file changes with StatReloader
Performing system checks...

System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
February 21, 2021 - 22:21:33
Django version 3.1.6, using settings 'config.settings'
Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
Quit the server with CTRL-BREAK.